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S1 User Handbook

GLOSSARY

9 Glossary

Attenuation The reduction of a signal level. Attenuation is usually measured in dB.

AES Audio Engineering Society.

AES/EBU Professional digital audio standard covering frame format,

connections and interfaces. Interface is usually on XLR sockets and

plugs.

Balance The relative levels of the left and right channels of a stereo signal.

Cleanfeed A cleanfeed is the signal produced by the telco module, which is

used as the output to be fed back to a caller on a telephone line. A

true cleanfeed is the sum of all the other signals, which constitute the

programme output, except for the caller’s audio.

Clipping The onset of severe distortion in the signal path, usually caused by

the peak signal voltage being limited by the circuit’s headroom.

Common Mode

Rejection Ratio

This is the ratio of the extent to which a dierential amplier will

cancel noise, which is present on both inputs, compared to its ability

to amplify the wanted signal.

Cross-talk This is the amount of an unwanted signal which appears, or is

induced, on a dierent or unassimilated signal. The problem is usually

most prevalent with adjacent channels.

CUE - See PFL.

dB (decibel) A ratio of two voltages or signal levels, expressed by the equation:

dB=20LOG(V1/V2)

Adding the sux “u” denotes that the signal is relative to 0.775V RMS.

Adding the sux “v” denotes that the signal is relative to 1V RMS

EQ EQualisation. This is the method of cutting or boosting selected

bands of frequencies in the signal.

Gain The degree of amplication, or attenuation applied to a signal.

Hybrid A device that allows a telephone line to be connected to a broadcast

desk in such a way that the caller may hear the programme output

without the caller’s voice being re-introduced onto the phone line.

Essentially a two to four wire converter.

LED Light Emitting Diode.

PAN This controls the levels (usually of a mono signal) sent to the left and

right outputs and is an abbreviation of “panorama”.

PFL (CUE) Pre Fade Listen, also called CUE. A function that allows the operator

to monitor the pre fader signal independently of the programme

output.

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